Opposition in William Blakes The Lamb and the Tyger

Opposition in William Blakes The Lamb and The Tyger William Blakes Songs of Innocence and Experience contain some of his most known poems including The Lamb from Songs of Innocence and The Tyger from Songs of Experience. These two poems are intended to reflect contrasting views of religion, innocence, and creation, with The Tyger examining the intrinsic relationship between good and evil. Blake utilizes contrasting images and symbols to examine opposing perspectives of good and evil. In The Lamb, Blake uses symbols to emphasize innocence and purity. In the poem, Blake insinuates that the lamb is a creature of God and asks, Dost thou know who made thee? as though to make certain that the lamb knows that it, like its creator, is associated with purity and innocence. Furthermore, by associating the lamb to his creator, who is called by thy name/For he calls himself a Lamb, Blake wants the reader to understand the sacrifice Jesus made for the good of the world; like Jesus, Blake implies the lamb is inherently good. Additionally, Blake emp hasizes the lambs innocence by describing him as being meek and mild. Within The Lamb, Blake also creates parallels between himself, and mankind in general, and the creature. He writes, I a child thou a lamb,/We are called by his name to explain this belief. In this context, Blake points to God as the creature of all creatures, large and small, which is something he continues to investigate in The Tyger.Show MoreRelatedWilliam Blake s Songs Of Innocence And Experience1268 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Blake’s Songs of Innocence and Experience, printed in 1794, â€Å"represents the world as it is envisioned by what he calls ‘two contrary states of the human soul’† (Greenblatt, 1452). This collection of poetry is accompanied by pictures, which create a mutually reliant relationship that allows for complete understanding of Blake’s works. â€Å"To read a Blake poem without the pictures is to miss something important: that relationship is an aspect of the poem’s argument† (1452). Overall, Blake’s worksRead More The Underlying Message of The Tyger by William Blake Essay1461 Words   |  6 PagesThe Underlying Message of The Tyger by William Blake Blake’s legendary poem â€Å"The Tyger† is deceivingly straightforward. Though Blake uses â€Å"vividly simple language† (Hirsch, 244), the poem requires a deeper understanding from the reader. There are many misconceptions concerning the symbols in â€Å"The Tyger† (specifically the tiger itself). This often leads to confusion concerning the underlying message of the poem. Compared to Blake’s â€Å"meek† and â€Å"mild† lamb, the tiger is hard to accept. It is a symbolRead MoreThe Lamb and The Tyger by William Blake Essay1758 Words   |  8 Pages William Blake, a unique poet of the literary canon, is one of the most critiqued poets of all time. Having a rather unique stylistic approach to topics, especially religion, Blake seems to contradict himself in his own writing and, therefore, sparks questions in the readers’ minds on specific subjects. Two of his poems in particular have been widely critiqued and viewed in various l ights. â€Å"The Tyger,† written in 1774, and â€Å"The Lamb,† written five years later in 1789, are considered companion poemsRead MoreWilliam Blake s The Tyger And The Lamb 940 Words   |  4 Pagesthe ages many writers have come and gone, and with them brought many ideas or viewpoints on life and the human soul. Undoubtedly, William Blake was indeed one of those monumental writers who paved the way for new thinking. A thinking of the human soul and two intricate parts that join to fulfill a soul. Both pairs of the soul are illustrated in both The Tyger and The Lamb. Both poems being commonly referred to as staples of poetry, can allude to different ideas. Man believe they deal with the questionsRead MoreWilliam Blake And The Divine Image Essay2209 Words   |  9 PagesWilliam Blake, a transitional figure in British literature, was the first romantic poet to focus on content instead of form. Blake is one of the great mystics of the world, like Henry More and Words worth; he lived in a world of glory, of spirit and of vision, which, for him, was the only real world. His devotion to God expresses through his lyrical poetry collection Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. This collection contains 51 poems where the poems of Innocence are counter part of the poemsRead MoreAnalysis Of Daffodils By William Wordsworth2381 Words   |  10 Pagesartists and poets and authors of the time began to create works filled with passion and emotion and all interpreted from the themes within nature. During this period, authors and artists alike found inspiration in things such as flowers, for example William Wordsworth’s classic entitled ‘daffodils’. In his poem he talks about seeing daffodils â€Å"flash upon that inward eye† (Wordsworth, Daffodils, 1815) when in â€Å"vacant or in pensive mood† meaning that he was preoccupied by his love for nature and that itRead MoreEvil Embers Essay1953 Words   |  8 Pagestruly define them. In the poem â€Å"The Tyger† by William Blake, he makes an attempt to illustrate his feelings on evil and all that it represents. There is no definite answer given, yet a picture is painted to show us his thoughts and ponderings. His foresight and enlightened point of view only serve to further strengthen the knowledge of the reader on the mystical forces we have simply dubbed good and evil. It is extremely important to understand our author William Blake (1757-1827), to form a baseRead More Childhood1804 Words   |  8 PagesAt its fundamental level, adulthood is simply the end of childhood, and the two stages are, by all accounts, drastically different. In the major works of poetry by William Blake and William Wordsworth, the dynamic between these two phases of life is analyzed and articulated. In both Blake’s Songs of Innocence and of Experience and many of Wordsworth’s works, childhood is portrayed as a superior state of mental capacity and freedom. The two poets echo one another in asserting that the individual’sRead MoreAN ANALYSIS OF WILLIAM BLAKES SONGS2960 Words   |  12 PagesAN ANALYSIS OF WILLIAM BLAKE’S SONGS OF INNOCENCE AND OF EXPERIENCE AS A RESPONSE TO THE COLLAPSE OF VALUES TIMOTHY VINESâˆâ€" Blake’s Songs of Innocence and of Experience are a much studied part of the English canon, and for good reason. Blake’s work depicts a quandary that continues to haunt humanity today: the struggle of high-order humanity against the ‘real’ rationality and morals of institutionalised society. This essay seeks to explore both Blake’s literary reaction to the Enlightenment and theRead MorePromethean Motif3025 Words   |  13 Pagesany of its manifestations. It is significant that all that remains of Ozymandias is a work of art and a group of words; as Shakespeare does in the sonnets, Shelley demonstrates that art and language long outlast the other legacies of power. Great opposition, irony and sarcasm appears when it is said, My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair! Nothing beside remains. This negative connotation shows that there once was a vast kingdom, but now that kingdom has disappeared

A Room with a View by E.D. Forster Essay - 621 Words

Opening a Window A Room with a View by E.D. Forster explores the struggle between the expectations of a conventional lady of the British upper class and pursuing the heart. Miss Lucy Honeychurch must choose between class concerns and personal desires. Honeychurch is a respectable young lady from a well-known family. She travels with Miss Charlotte Bartlett to Italy at the turn of the century. In Italy they meet Mr. Emerson and George Emerson. George is young man who falls in love with Lucy. Mr. Emerson is an idealist and a dreamer. Only a couple of days after they get to Italy George kisses Lucy while standing in the middle of a waving field of grass. George does this with out her permission or discussion. Even though this surprises†¦show more content†¦She is torn between Cecil’s world of books and conformity and George’s world of passion and nature. This decision is not easy for Lucy to make. Lucy came really close to marring the wrong man due to her lack of thought. She has grown up and lived a life of proper existence. However, Lucy possesses passionate qualities they have just been repressed her entire life. Her only emotion outlet is the piano, in which she prefers dramatic pieces by Beethoven. She plays the piano in order to let out her frustrations brought on by her surrounding characters. Lucy is brought up to be proper and not outgoing or passionate. George will eventually show her how to be passionate and open to new ideas. George is a man that breaks the chains of conformity to free Lucy’s spirit and he does this efficiency. George kisses Lucy for the second time and he explains that love exists between them. He tells Lucy that she can not marry Cecil because he does not understand women and will never understand Lucy. George also explains that Cecil only thinks that he loves but in actuality only wants her for an ornament. George, on the other hand, wants her as his partner in the great adventure of life. Lucy has lied to herself and to everyone else around her until she is eventually cornered into tearfully admitting her love for George. A Room with a View is a love story about a young proper women who is engaged to a proper man she does not love, and the frantic efforts a

Policy Development Paper Free Essays

string(151) " that implementation is the realization of an application, or execution of a plan, idea, model, design, specification, standard, algorithm, or policy\." Policy Development Paper Policy Development Paper October 07, 2009 Policy Development Paper This paper will be focused on a terrorism security policy for large events. This paper will also include statistical, factual, and public opinion history information which will support my policy claim. All stake holders such as: politicians, judges, prosecutors, defense attorneys, correctional officers and administrators, law enforcement officers and administrators, victims, law-abiding citizens, will be included in this paper. We will write a custom essay sample on Policy Development Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Furthermore, their opinions as their opinion relates to my proposed policy and how politics may impact my policy implementation. Additionally, I will provide policy recommendations and the rationale for these recommendations and their impact on contemporary criminal justices issues and globalization. Terrorism is violent acts which is used to create fear or terror. Terrorism is very dangerous because the people who use terrorism which are called terrorist do not fear for their own life therefore, they will not care about anybody else life as well. A terrorist is one that engages in unlawful use or threat of violence against the public as a politically motivated means of attack† (Peace takes Courage, 2009). Another thing about terrorism is that terrorism can come from anyone or any where. Terrorism is man made as well so we must also keep that in mind. All through history, there has been threats made about the security of many nations. The threats that were made and carried out have caused a large scale loss of life, destroyed property, wide spread illness and injury, the displacement of large numbers of people, and lastly economic loss. When a country is harmed by terrorism the loss is great rather the loss is of lives or money. Terrorism is a very scary thing and a very serious thing as well because people who are terrorist do not care about anything but power and if they do not have the power they desire they will do what ever, they want until they get the power they want. The attacks of September 11, 2001 showed everyone in the United States that we were vulnerable to terrorist attacks. As a result of the attacks we have now created a way to fight back nd keep ourselves protected from terrorist. The first thing we did was create the Department of Homeland Security. There are three goals that are to prevent terrorist attacks in the United States. Next, they are to lessen the vulnerability to terrorism. The last goal of the Department of Homeland Security is to minimize the damage from potential attacks and natural disasters. The next thing they did to help keep us protected was create tool that is to keep everyone updated about terrorist threats. The tool is the color coded terrorism risk advisory scale. According to (the Department of Homeland Security) â€Å"this scale was created in 2002, with the idea that it would help notify the American population the probability level of terrorist activity and or threat. For the most part seems that the warning stays at elevated and that many people have come to mock the system. † Another thing that was created because of the terrorist attacks was the Patriot Act. The Patriot Act is a set of laws which are suppose to protect us, as a result of September 11, 2001. Another thing about the Patriot Act is that the Patriot Act is a 300 page document. According to (Girl, 2005) â€Å"This is stated in Section 213 of the Patriot Act which allows for the government to delay the notification of search warrants. With the protection of the fourth amendment the authorities are supposed to notify you of the warrant by knocking on the door before entering your home. This does not exist with the Patriot Act. The authorities only need probable cause to search and seize anything within your premises or person. The Patriot Act is good in one way and bad in another way. The next thing that was created as a result of 9/11 is the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (TRIA). â€Å"Marked a departure from existing federal catastrophe insurance market policy in several respects† (Lakdawalla, Zanjani, 2005). Terrorism has caused a lot of nations to tighten up on their security which is a good thing because every citizen deserves to feel safe. All of the new se curity we currently have is good because as long as the security is tight we as a nation is safe. Terrorism is all about keeping people scared and feeling unsafe. This new policy will help end that feeling and make everyone feel comfortable. This new policy will be on the federal level because on the federal level more powers can be granted and we need more power when combating terrorism. Here is the policy rules:  · All agencies are to report on a monthly basis to the head quarters.  · When there is a active threat each state must be warned.  · Each state must have some type of security precautions in place.  · All federal agents should be on the watch 24/7. There should be doubled the number of intelligence analysts and also tripled the amount of linguists within the entire agency.  · The agencies should also make sure that the terrorist financing is frozen because with out money their operations will have a very hard time surviving.  · All information must be shared with law enforcement and intelligence partners worldwide because they all need to be informed when t heir lives and their citizens lives are in danger after all that is why we are here in the first place to ensure the safety of everyone. Lastly all agencies should also be on the look out for weapons of mass destructions by getting rid of their weapons they will not have a way to fight back weapons of mass destruction would include guns, bombs, dangerous toxics, missiles, and etc. this policy should be followed because this policy was created to help keep everyone safe. I would first like to say that implementation is the realization of an application, or execution of a plan, idea, model, design, specification, standard, algorithm, or policy. You read "Policy Development Paper" in category "Papers" When this policy is about to be implemented politics play a major role because politics will have to approve the policy. Politics will also have to approve funding for this policy without the help of politics my policy will not survive. Politics are needed when ever something has to pass into law. Politics also affect how problems are defined and if they will be on the governmental agenda for action. According to (Dievler, 2009) â€Å"politics also affects the implementation process, not only in terms of coalitions and the media, but through the politics of the administrative or bureaucratic process as well. The next thing that would include the implementation of this policy would be law enforcement officers and administrators. They would be included because local law enforcement officers are needed to help keep the communities under control and to help with law and order. Local law enforcement officers are always needed because their job is to keep everyone safe. They must also enf orce the law therefore they are the perfect candidates to help with my policy. Also the implementation of my policy. If the policy is implemented right there will not be any victims however, if there are some victims then they should follow the rules their government has in place. As well as the law- abiding citizens. If everyone follow procedure then there should not be any problems with the implementation of this policy. The policy which is titled the policy to prevent terrorist attacks was created to help keep everyone safe. This policy was also created to avoid being vulnerable like we were for 9/11. There were not any statistics to help with the implementation of this policy. However, the history of terrorism is a different story. The history of terrorism is very different from terrorism today. In 1944, the terrorists group of Palestine, called the Zionists, were called freedom fighters and if you happened to look in the history there were two Israeli prime ministers, including Menachem begin appearing in wanted posters that said terrorists, reward [this much]. According to (Terrorism- Research, 2009) â€Å"The earliest known organization that exhibited aspects of a modern terrorist organization was the Zealots of Judea. Known to the Romans as sicarii, or dagger-men , they carried on an underground campaign of assassination of Roman occupation forces, as well as any Jews they felt had collaborated with the Romans. Their motive was an uncompromising belief that they could not remain faithful to the dictates of Judaism while living as Roman subjects. † The history of terrorism is very different from the terrorism of today. Also according to (Terrorism- Research, 2009) â€Å"The French Revolution provided the first uses of the words â€Å"Terrorist† and â€Å"Terrorism†. Use of the word â€Å"terrorism† began in 1795 in reference to the Reign of Terror initiated by the Revolutionary government. The agents of the Committee of Public Safety and the National Convention that enforced the policies of â€Å"The Terror† were referred to as ‘Terrorists†. As for public opinion they are all over the place. However, the public is more worried about another terrorist attack more than anything else. Therefore, the public is willing to accept any policy as long as the policy will keep them safe. And because of that politics take advantage mainly because they know that people will make a sacrifice if their safety is in danger. According to (Girl, 2005) â€Å" The events of September 11, 2001 have forever changed the way that we as Americans look at outsiders. We have become skeptical of anyone who is not as we expect them to be. † In short public opinion is driven by fear and if the bigger the fear the more people are terrified. If the terrorist threats are weak the public is not afraid but if the terrorist threats are strong and powerful the public will be very afraid and they will give the terrorist all the power they need. That is the public opinion on terrorism. Now, I will attempt to give policy recommendations and the rationale for these recommendations and their impact on contemporary criminal justices issues and globalization. There are not to many recommendations I can give on policing however, I will try to. One recommendation would be to make a policy that do not harm or rights this is important because our rights are all we have and if they are taken away we will not have anything. Our rights are very important. The next policy recommendation would be to make sure everyone is save safety is very important. Another good policy recommendation would be to create policies that will catch terrorist quicker. As for the first recommendation the rationale is that according to (Girl, 2005) â€Å"There are many violations but one of the most controversial is the violation against our fourth amendment rights. † This recommendation do not interfere with the criminal justice system or globalization. There are not a rationale for the second recommendation and the second recommendation do not effect globalization. There also is not a rationale for the last recommendation as well and the last recommendation do not interfere with the criminal justice and the last recommendation do not effect globalization. Globalization has made way for free trade and business and has communication between various parts of the globe. Therefore, globalization will not have any thing to do with the policy recommendations I have made. In conclusion, I would like to say that terrorism is very bad and very scary as well. Terrorism can cause a lot of damage and harm a lot of people. All major points were talked about in this paper. The policy I created was also included and to me the policy I created was pretty good. Lastly, I discussed the politics a lot more than anything else mainly because politics play a major role in policy making. Well, this concludes my paper I hope you enjoyed reading this paper because I did put a lot of work into this paper. References: Dievler, A. (2009). Politics and Policy Making. Retrieved on: October 08, 2009. From: http://www. pubmedcentral. nih. gov/pagerender. fcgi? artid=1508936pageindex=1 Girl, M. (2005). Terrorism and Policy. Retrieved on: October 8, 2009. From: http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/14236/terrorism_and_policy. html? cat=37 Lakdawalla, D. , Zanjani, G. (2005). Terrorism insurance policy and the public good. Retrieved on: October 09, 2009. From: http://works. bepress. com/cgi/viewcontent. cgi? article=1032context=darius_lakdawalla Peace takes Courage. (2009). What is a Terrorist? Retrieved on: October 9, 2009. From: http://www. peacetakescourage. com/terrorist. html Terrorism- Research. (2009). Early history of terrorism. Retrieved on: October 09, 2009. From: http://www. terrorism-research. com/history/early. php How to cite Policy Development Paper, Papers

Policy Development Paper Free Essays

string(151) " that implementation is the realization of an application, or execution of a plan, idea, model, design, specification, standard, algorithm, or policy\." Policy Development Paper Policy Development Paper October 07, 2009 Policy Development Paper This paper will be focused on a terrorism security policy for large events. This paper will also include statistical, factual, and public opinion history information which will support my policy claim. All stake holders such as: politicians, judges, prosecutors, defense attorneys, correctional officers and administrators, law enforcement officers and administrators, victims, law-abiding citizens, will be included in this paper. We will write a custom essay sample on Policy Development Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Furthermore, their opinions as their opinion relates to my proposed policy and how politics may impact my policy implementation. Additionally, I will provide policy recommendations and the rationale for these recommendations and their impact on contemporary criminal justices issues and globalization. Terrorism is violent acts which is used to create fear or terror. Terrorism is very dangerous because the people who use terrorism which are called terrorist do not fear for their own life therefore, they will not care about anybody else life as well. A terrorist is one that engages in unlawful use or threat of violence against the public as a politically motivated means of attack† (Peace takes Courage, 2009). Another thing about terrorism is that terrorism can come from anyone or any where. Terrorism is man made as well so we must also keep that in mind. All through history, there has been threats made about the security of many nations. The threats that were made and carried out have caused a large scale loss of life, destroyed property, wide spread illness and injury, the displacement of large numbers of people, and lastly economic loss. When a country is harmed by terrorism the loss is great rather the loss is of lives or money. Terrorism is a very scary thing and a very serious thing as well because people who are terrorist do not care about anything but power and if they do not have the power they desire they will do what ever, they want until they get the power they want. The attacks of September 11, 2001 showed everyone in the United States that we were vulnerable to terrorist attacks. As a result of the attacks we have now created a way to fight back nd keep ourselves protected from terrorist. The first thing we did was create the Department of Homeland Security. There are three goals that are to prevent terrorist attacks in the United States. Next, they are to lessen the vulnerability to terrorism. The last goal of the Department of Homeland Security is to minimize the damage from potential attacks and natural disasters. The next thing they did to help keep us protected was create tool that is to keep everyone updated about terrorist threats. The tool is the color coded terrorism risk advisory scale. According to (the Department of Homeland Security) â€Å"this scale was created in 2002, with the idea that it would help notify the American population the probability level of terrorist activity and or threat. For the most part seems that the warning stays at elevated and that many people have come to mock the system. † Another thing that was created because of the terrorist attacks was the Patriot Act. The Patriot Act is a set of laws which are suppose to protect us, as a result of September 11, 2001. Another thing about the Patriot Act is that the Patriot Act is a 300 page document. According to (Girl, 2005) â€Å"This is stated in Section 213 of the Patriot Act which allows for the government to delay the notification of search warrants. With the protection of the fourth amendment the authorities are supposed to notify you of the warrant by knocking on the door before entering your home. This does not exist with the Patriot Act. The authorities only need probable cause to search and seize anything within your premises or person. The Patriot Act is good in one way and bad in another way. The next thing that was created as a result of 9/11 is the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (TRIA). â€Å"Marked a departure from existing federal catastrophe insurance market policy in several respects† (Lakdawalla, Zanjani, 2005). Terrorism has caused a lot of nations to tighten up on their security which is a good thing because every citizen deserves to feel safe. All of the new se curity we currently have is good because as long as the security is tight we as a nation is safe. Terrorism is all about keeping people scared and feeling unsafe. This new policy will help end that feeling and make everyone feel comfortable. This new policy will be on the federal level because on the federal level more powers can be granted and we need more power when combating terrorism. Here is the policy rules:  · All agencies are to report on a monthly basis to the head quarters.  · When there is a active threat each state must be warned.  · Each state must have some type of security precautions in place.  · All federal agents should be on the watch 24/7. There should be doubled the number of intelligence analysts and also tripled the amount of linguists within the entire agency.  · The agencies should also make sure that the terrorist financing is frozen because with out money their operations will have a very hard time surviving.  · All information must be shared with law enforcement and intelligence partners worldwide because they all need to be informed when t heir lives and their citizens lives are in danger after all that is why we are here in the first place to ensure the safety of everyone. Lastly all agencies should also be on the look out for weapons of mass destructions by getting rid of their weapons they will not have a way to fight back weapons of mass destruction would include guns, bombs, dangerous toxics, missiles, and etc. this policy should be followed because this policy was created to help keep everyone safe. I would first like to say that implementation is the realization of an application, or execution of a plan, idea, model, design, specification, standard, algorithm, or policy. You read "Policy Development Paper" in category "Papers" When this policy is about to be implemented politics play a major role because politics will have to approve the policy. Politics will also have to approve funding for this policy without the help of politics my policy will not survive. Politics are needed when ever something has to pass into law. Politics also affect how problems are defined and if they will be on the governmental agenda for action. According to (Dievler, 2009) â€Å"politics also affects the implementation process, not only in terms of coalitions and the media, but through the politics of the administrative or bureaucratic process as well. The next thing that would include the implementation of this policy would be law enforcement officers and administrators. They would be included because local law enforcement officers are needed to help keep the communities under control and to help with law and order. Local law enforcement officers are always needed because their job is to keep everyone safe. They must also enf orce the law therefore they are the perfect candidates to help with my policy. Also the implementation of my policy. If the policy is implemented right there will not be any victims however, if there are some victims then they should follow the rules their government has in place. As well as the law- abiding citizens. If everyone follow procedure then there should not be any problems with the implementation of this policy. The policy which is titled the policy to prevent terrorist attacks was created to help keep everyone safe. This policy was also created to avoid being vulnerable like we were for 9/11. There were not any statistics to help with the implementation of this policy. However, the history of terrorism is a different story. The history of terrorism is very different from terrorism today. In 1944, the terrorists group of Palestine, called the Zionists, were called freedom fighters and if you happened to look in the history there were two Israeli prime ministers, including Menachem begin appearing in wanted posters that said terrorists, reward [this much]. According to (Terrorism- Research, 2009) â€Å"The earliest known organization that exhibited aspects of a modern terrorist organization was the Zealots of Judea. Known to the Romans as sicarii, or dagger-men , they carried on an underground campaign of assassination of Roman occupation forces, as well as any Jews they felt had collaborated with the Romans. Their motive was an uncompromising belief that they could not remain faithful to the dictates of Judaism while living as Roman subjects. † The history of terrorism is very different from the terrorism of today. Also according to (Terrorism- Research, 2009) â€Å"The French Revolution provided the first uses of the words â€Å"Terrorist† and â€Å"Terrorism†. Use of the word â€Å"terrorism† began in 1795 in reference to the Reign of Terror initiated by the Revolutionary government. The agents of the Committee of Public Safety and the National Convention that enforced the policies of â€Å"The Terror† were referred to as ‘Terrorists†. As for public opinion they are all over the place. However, the public is more worried about another terrorist attack more than anything else. Therefore, the public is willing to accept any policy as long as the policy will keep them safe. And because of that politics take advantage mainly because they know that people will make a sacrifice if their safety is in danger. According to (Girl, 2005) â€Å" The events of September 11, 2001 have forever changed the way that we as Americans look at outsiders. We have become skeptical of anyone who is not as we expect them to be. † In short public opinion is driven by fear and if the bigger the fear the more people are terrified. If the terrorist threats are weak the public is not afraid but if the terrorist threats are strong and powerful the public will be very afraid and they will give the terrorist all the power they need. That is the public opinion on terrorism. Now, I will attempt to give policy recommendations and the rationale for these recommendations and their impact on contemporary criminal justices issues and globalization. There are not to many recommendations I can give on policing however, I will try to. One recommendation would be to make a policy that do not harm or rights this is important because our rights are all we have and if they are taken away we will not have anything. Our rights are very important. The next policy recommendation would be to make sure everyone is save safety is very important. Another good policy recommendation would be to create policies that will catch terrorist quicker. As for the first recommendation the rationale is that according to (Girl, 2005) â€Å"There are many violations but one of the most controversial is the violation against our fourth amendment rights. † This recommendation do not interfere with the criminal justice system or globalization. There are not a rationale for the second recommendation and the second recommendation do not effect globalization. There also is not a rationale for the last recommendation as well and the last recommendation do not interfere with the criminal justice and the last recommendation do not effect globalization. Globalization has made way for free trade and business and has communication between various parts of the globe. Therefore, globalization will not have any thing to do with the policy recommendations I have made. In conclusion, I would like to say that terrorism is very bad and very scary as well. Terrorism can cause a lot of damage and harm a lot of people. All major points were talked about in this paper. The policy I created was also included and to me the policy I created was pretty good. Lastly, I discussed the politics a lot more than anything else mainly because politics play a major role in policy making. Well, this concludes my paper I hope you enjoyed reading this paper because I did put a lot of work into this paper. References: Dievler, A. (2009). Politics and Policy Making. Retrieved on: October 08, 2009. From: http://www. pubmedcentral. nih. gov/pagerender. fcgi? artid=1508936pageindex=1 Girl, M. (2005). Terrorism and Policy. Retrieved on: October 8, 2009. From: http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/14236/terrorism_and_policy. html? cat=37 Lakdawalla, D. , Zanjani, G. (2005). Terrorism insurance policy and the public good. Retrieved on: October 09, 2009. From: http://works. bepress. com/cgi/viewcontent. cgi? article=1032context=darius_lakdawalla Peace takes Courage. (2009). What is a Terrorist? Retrieved on: October 9, 2009. From: http://www. peacetakescourage. com/terrorist. html Terrorism- Research. (2009). Early history of terrorism. Retrieved on: October 09, 2009. From: http://www. terrorism-research. com/history/early. php How to cite Policy Development Paper, Papers

Technology Gaps and Capacity Issues in African Insurance Companies

Questions: Critically analyse the key commercial issues involved in the management of projects. Critically appraise the business environment, finance, procurement integrity, contract management, disputes and legal frameworks within the project environment. Establish the Projects Supply Chain and evaluate the commercial integrity. Answers: Introduction The choice making supporting the limit improvement of any business endeavor is adequate access to the target market, fulfillment of existing corporate sector need or making of advancement in a current business area and the extent of the corporate sector in other to accomplish gainfulness and manageable improvement. The training given by NOSA try to elevate and enable African agribusiness through the procurement of an economical, suitable and significant horticultural preparing and instruction framework. The vision of NOSA is to make steady progress and effect; like this, structures must be set up to accomplish manageability, both ecologically and through ceaseless backing from enhanced agricultural expansion with an association of the nearby and state legislature of Kaduna State. Kaduna State is one of the real states in Nigeria situated in the North-West Geo-political zone of Nigeria with a construct as the mechanical focal point of Northern Nigeria, fabricating items like materials, hardware, steel, aluminum, petroleum articles and course. Ceramics is very prized from Kaduna, particularly from the Nok society. It has a substantial business sector, as of late reconstructed after an open flame in the mid-1990s. It is enriched with mineral assets, for example, clay, serpentine, asbestos, amethyst and gold. Furthermore, it has been honored with a rich area and an assortment of products. NOSA Agricultural Services Corporate Profile NOSA Agricultural Services (NOSA Agri) is another division of NOSA with its main spotlight on preparing, instruction, word related wellbeing and danger administration, evaluating and counseling for the cultivating and rural parts. NOSA Corporate Services The company was founded in 1951, which is located in Sandton, South Africa with a network of offices and training centers in Southern Africa (Nosaagri.com, 2016). It also has offices in China and South America; and operations in the United States, India, Turkey, and Indonesia. NOSA (Pty) Ltd. operates as a subsidiary of MICROmega Holdings Ltd. Facilities NOSA Agri focuses on training, education, consulting and support systems for the African farming and agricultural sectors. NOSA Agri supports sustainable development solutions and rural economic growth. It also offers industry solutions, including consulting, agricultural management, education system management, fire safety, first aid, mining management, and occupational hygiene services; and other software solutions for companies. Existing Clients/Suppliers of Resources Relationships NOSA offers it services to a broad range of clients in various fields such as mining, power construction, petrochemicals, healthcare, food and beverages, governmental organizations, property as well as technical solutions. The important clients that are supported by NOSA comprise of Anglo American, DE BEERS, Eskom, SDIC, PetroSA, MEDICLINIC, HEINEKEN, RAND WATER and for technical solutions GEARHOUSE GROUP. Staff Capability NOSA Agricultural Services has accredited training facilitators and assessors who are experts as highly skilled in planning, coordinating and directing training sessions to achieve optimum outcomes towards perfection. Training Package The courses offered by NOSA consists of three sections; Animal Husbandry, Crop Husbandry and Farm Management Planning. Animal Production and Crop Production are made up of basic core studies plus additional subjects and modules. Business Strategy NOSA Agri is guided by PEOPLE, ENVIRONMENT, PROFIT and SUSTAINABILITY principles and aims to achieve their vision with the help of following: Empowering people through appropriate agricultural training and ensuring modern and conservation agriculture techniques Being a catalyst for the African farmer to commercialize and generate profit from their farm business, sustaining their families and helping grow the rural economy On agricultural services in NOSA that will cultivate adequate knowledge, skills and competencies in candidates, satisfying customers/industry requirements and ensuring value for money while making a profit (Neal, Hou and Allinson, 2014). Figure 1: Business Model (Source: Created by Author) Relationship Strategy Many benefits are derived from developing customer relationships by both firms and clients. From the investigation, it was discovered that whereas organization can profit from relationship marketing strategies through customer retention, brand loyalists and market security (Barros and Wanke, 2015). Customers likewise, enjoy both psychological and social benefits such as familiarity, personal recognition and friendships that may also lead to discount benefits on purchases for customers who have maintained long-term relationships with the organization. Project Organization The team for this capacity development project shall include as illustrated in the figure-2 below. Their various roles and responsibilities are discussed further in section 3.1. Figure 2: NOSA Organization Hierarchical Chart (Source: Created by Author) Key Staff Roles and Responsibilities: Position Roles Responsibilities Project Sponsor Chairman Board of Directors Signatory to the organization's financial account and all legal documents and contracts of the company Project Manager Project Lead: The project managers leadership role is very vital to the project delivery and success Project Team Includes the Facilitators, Quality Control Officer, Health and Safety Supervisor, Logistics, Emergency Response Team and the Production Team Legal Advisor Liaison in conjunction with management on regulatory matters, contract terms in procurement and community affairs (Rhee et al. 2014) Shareholders Partners Highest-level decision-making unit of the company Health and Safety Advisor Develops and maintains Safety Policies and Safe Work Procedures, monitoring and training staff where necessary Procurement Manager Maintains corporate list of vendor, contractors and suppliers Table 1: Project Organization Project Stakeholders Project stakeholders are those who are interested in the project because they are either involved or affected by the project outcomes. Stakeholder Groups Description 1. Owner/Sponsors These people are the ones who pay for the project 2. Candidates These people or group can be denoted as who buys the product or services 3. End users These people reflect the individual who will uses the finished product or services from the project (Rose, 2012) 4. Executives in Project These are the Senior managers of the owner or sponsor organization 6. Other Contactors/Suppliers Are the people who provide goods/materials/work or services used by the project (Belda et al. 2012) 7. Public Stakeholders This comprises of the individuals concerned about the project or product environmental Table 2: Project Stakeholders Stakeholders Roles and Responsibilities Regarding roles and responsibilities, stakeholders could be classified into Internal, Interface and External Stakeholders (Sense, 2011). Harmonizing the classification of Table-1 above and other classifications by authors, stakeholders for the NOSA capacity development project has been identified and described according to their roles and responsibilities for this capability development project as illustrated in Table-2 below. Group A - Interface Stakeholders This person operates both internally and externally about the organization. Title Roles Project Board/ Steering Committee This may include selected NOSAs senior and top management staff, representatives of the client, partners, and shareholders. Responsibilities Has overall liability in the governance of the project management Oversees the project and raises awareness at senior level Approves strategies, project scope, implementation plan and milestones Title Roles Sponsor Present the views of the Board to the Project Manager, Stakeholders and represents the project upwards the Organization's Board as illustrated in the figure below. Responsibilities The Project Sponsor creates or destroys value in that they determine the life span of a project in the project life cycle i.e. whether the project can start, continue and outlast the project manager. The responsibilities of the project sponsor have been identified as: issuance /ownership of the project charter and business case (Bonnal, 2012), having authority to change control and provides leadership on culture and values. Group B - Internal Stakeholders These people can be denoted as operating within the boundaries of NOSA's organizational framework. They included all staff and involved with the development of the project. Title Roles Project Manager This is the assigned person responsible for developing a definition of the project in conjunction with the Project Sponsor. Responsibilities Lead the project team, coordinate partners and work groups involved in the project. Ensures effective project planning and control and manages project deliverables in line with the project plan Resolves conflicts that may arise at project level (Feng, Yang and Chang, 2014) Title Roles Project Team Functional managers and staff of NOSAs who are directly involved with the capacity development project. Responsibilities Participates and provides expertise in development of the project plan in relations to topics Transforms the goals and objectives and material resources of the project into deliverables and project outcomes Provide functional expertise in an administrative process (White and Petry, 2011) Title Roles NOSA Support Staff NOSA staff who are not directly involved in the development of the project but provide services that contribute to the overall achievement of project management objectives. Group C - External Stakeholders Those who provide input but are not employees of the organization e.g. Consumers, Suppliers, Competitors, International Organizations, Political Parties/Leaders, International and Local Trade Unions. Title Roles Consumers/ Operators/ End users These people purchase products, training modules, management consultations, obtain benefits from the projects outcomes for example practicing, and apprentice candidates. Suppliers/ sub-Contractors Are those who design, manage or provide goods/materials/ work/ services as inputs to the achievement of project outcomes. Competitors These can be defined as the existing and potential business entities who share the same market with NOSA due to the provision of a similar set of products, training and services. International, Interest groups, Non-governmental Organizations Are people who are concerned about the project or product environmental, social and economic impacts e.g. the media and NGOs (Frank, Sadeh and Ashkenasi, 2011) Regulatory Authorities These are the Government functionaries who set policies, specifications, rules and laws guiding industrial practices to ensure the protection of the environment, the safety of lives and properties, for instance, Federal Environmental Protection Agencies. Local Communities Stakeholders who reside within the boundaries of the project location, therefore, are directly affected by the operations associated with the project. Law Enforcement Agencies Governmental bodies constituted by law to enforce government policies on industries operating within the state. Table 3: Stakeholders Roles and Responsibilities Stakeholders Analysis Grid Various researchers describe stakeholders analysis as a process of systematically gathering and analyzing qualitative information in other to determine whose interest should be taken into consideration when developing the project. Figure 3: Stakeholders' Power-Interest Grid (Source: Created by Author) Stakeholders Communication Plan In Table 2 below the strategy is shown which will be used to disseminate project information effectively to stakeholders of the NOSA capacity development project. Stakeholder Title Information Requirements Timing / Frequency Format of Communication Owner 1. Project Board Project progress report and budgetary needs Monthly Meetings, presentation report Sponsor 2. Project Sponsor Progress report, miles stones and accomplishment Weekly One-to-one Meetings Report Project manager 3. Senior Consultant or Suppliers Project Manager Allocation of resources, task requirements progress updates Daily Meetings Reports Project manager 4. Project Manager Progress status report Daily Meeting, emails, reports Team leaders 5. Project Team Supervision Daily Meeting, presentations Project manager 6. NOSA Support Staff Progress report, Project review Monthly Meeting, emails, memos, presentations Project manager 7. Consumers/ Operators/ End users Press News Release Quarterly News media Sponsor 8. Suppliers/ sub-Contractors Audit, Contract Evaluation review, Monthly Emails, meetings, presentation workshops Project manager 10. Regulatory Authority Incident investigation report, Compliance Audit Report quarterly or Annually Reports Sponsor 11. Local Communities Corporate Social Responsibility updates Quarterly Stakeholders Group Meetings, Workshops Sponsor Table 4: Stakeholders' Communication Plan Responsibility Assignment Matrix Having provided the Organizational chart and the Work Breakdown Structure of the NOSA capacity development project life cycle, the assignment of responsibilities to be illustrated as shown in Table 4 below. The intersecting boxes marked (x) signify the corresponding responsible members of the project organization. RESPONSIBLE PERSON ASSIGNMENTS Project Steering Committee Project Sponsor Legal Advisor Project Manager Procurement Manager Health Safety Manager Accountant Human Resource Manager Business Dev. Manager Quality Assurance Manager Training Coordinator Project Team Support Staff Concept Phase Client Initiates Idea X X Feasibility Study X X X X X X X X X Create Outline of Business Case X X X X X X Project Investment Appraisal X X X X X X X X X X Risk Assessment X X X X X X X Accept Project X X X X X X X X Project Definition Phase Define the Project X X X X X X Market Research X X X X X X X Develop Project Management Plan X X X X X X Initiate Partnership with KSG X X X X Meet with Stakeholders X X X X X X X X Sign Partnership Agreement with KSG X X X Approve Business Case Project Management Plan X X X Project Development Phase Obtain Licenses X X Procurement X X X X X Site Mapping X X X Lease Office Building X X X X X X Equip Office with Furniture, Computer Power Plant X X X X X Recruit Local staff X X X X Training Development X X X Advertise X X Commission Academy X X X X X X Benefit Realization Phase Operate PMCM Academy X X X X X X X Realize Benefit X X X Termination Phase Closure X X X Lessons Learned X X X X X Archive Project Documents X X Decommission Academy X X X X Table 5: Responsibility Matrix Project Life Cycle Almost every project is built around a project life cycle irrespective of the objective, size and complexity. The project life cycle outlines the inter-related phases of the project and provides a framework for governing the progress of activities involved (Yahaya, 2012). Figure 4: Project Life Cycle (Source: Created by Author) Description of the Project Life Cycle Concept Phase: In this stage, the idea for the new project is initiated and introduced to the steering committee for decision-making after which a project manager is appointed to carry out a feasibility study and present a proposal based on the client's need and organizations' corporate objectives (Indelicato, 2012). Project Definition: When the project is accepted and approved, stakeholders are to be engaged in defining the purpose and deliverables of the project and a proposal for the partnership will be initiated. Project Development: The project management plan being accepted by the various parties is at this moment authorized for development by sponsorship and financing of the costs. Benefits Realization Phase: In this phase, business is initiated with Academy fully commissioned with the commencing of training and skills development programs. Termination Phase: this is a management decision due to prevailing circumstances in the business. When consent has reached the process for termination will be called-up and lessons learned will be shared by key stakeholders before or after the Academy is decommissioned (Jun, Qiuzhen and Qingguo, 2011). Market Research Given the current unemployment in Nigeria, inadequate supply of skilled labor and the ever increasing rate of industrialization in Kaduna State and Nigeria at large there has been a growing need for the government invitation foreign investors for privatization. This is the primary motive for development of modern infrastructures, promote employability and knowledge transfer to citizens (Rezania and Ouedraogo, 2013). SWOT Analysis STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES NOSA is well reputed for its capability to impart the training courses facilitated to provide the real time experience of the services NOSA has several affiliations with Action Training Academy and MECS Africa and has received accreditation from SANAS NOSA facilitates measurement of standards of performance for sustainability The Kaduna state is a new market to operate, so there are lots of uncertainties The supplier vetting system can be considered as one of the loopholes of NOSA as it also has to be supported by the organization The initial total capital investment for the project may be high to NOSA for funding directly OPPORTUNITIES THREATS There is a probability that the existing renowned business leaders in the Nigerian market may be the client of NOSA Kaduna is a developing state with a growing market as more investors tend to migrate into it NOSA can also withstand by challenging the other investors NOSA can have prospects for providing expertise audit and consultancy services to the multinational firms operating in Nigeria The economic and Political instability in Nigeria possess as the threat to NOSA Competitors who may be intercepting the opportunity with cheaper offers to the public for the same services The risk of the Legislative Government Authority rejecting the proposal of partnership Table 6: SWOT ANALYSIS Project Finance This financial plan is aimed at providing NOSA with a strategic cash flow policy that will ensure higher profitability and operating cash flow to position the capacity development project as a tool for sustainable cash flow in the next five years. Cash-Flow Analysis and Working Capital Management Assumptions: Bank loan will be secured for 100,000.00 short-term overdraft and 450,000.00 long term, repayable in ten years whereas, NOSA and the Kaduna State government will fund the project with 280,000.00 each for the public-private partnership (PPP). A discount rate of 15% was assumed to factor financial issues on risk, inflation, currency fluctuations due to economic and political instability in Nigeria and uncertainties of the supply chain (Ljunggren, Huang and Johansson, 2014). Considerations: Bank loan in the South Africa is currently at 0.5% interest rates Depreciation was calculated considering the life expectancy for Vehicle to be 5-years and life expectancy for Plants and Equipment to be 10-years using the straight-line method The parameters and reporting format of the Financial Plan as shown in Table 8 were adapted from research. Budget The budget for this project is estimated at 950,000.00; distributed to each phase of the project as shown in Table 7 below. Phase Estimated Cost () 1. Concept 17,000.00 2. Project Definition 22,000.00 3. Project Development 470,000.00 4. Benefit Realization Cost (1st Year) 400,000.00 5. Termination 20,000.00 6. Contingency (Cash in hand) 21,000.00 Table 7: Budget FINANCIAL PLAN FOR FIRST FIVE YEARS Initial Investment Plan Capital Expenditure: Fixed Assets Acquisition of Leasing of new capital assets 1,200,000 Computers 120,000 Work table 90,000 Administration and Consultancy Fees 110,000 Office Training Equipment 25,300 Project Training materials 31,250 Labor Costs 15,320 Preliminary expenses 30,000.00 Raw materials 1,400,000 Machinery and Practical equipments 35,000.00 Furniture 15,200.00 Advertisement 31,000.00 Vehicles 20,000.00 Misc. expenses 12,000 3,135,070 Operational Expenditures: OPERATING COSTS Training and development of NOSA staff 225,000.00 Agricultural works 31,000.00 Support technician expense 150,000.00 Clerical support 220,000.00 Costs on software utilization 210,000.00 Maintenance and operation of facility 32,230.00 Legal expenditures 66,220.00 934,450.00 Cash flow before Taxation 6,235,456.30 Tax -25% Cash flow after tax 4,676,592.20 Discount rate 15% Discounted cash flow 7,170,774.75 NPV 7,170,774.80 PBP 2 years Initial cost of investment - 3.15 Table 8: Financial Plan Supply Chain Management Proposed Procurement Route Procurement is a system that adds value to project management when priority is given to the project definition phase by engaging supply chain experts in meaningful dialogue, choosing appropriate procurement routes and identifying and controlling optimism bias in forecasting of the project cost, schedule and scope (Mir and Pinnington, 2014). The choice of procurement route for this project would largely depend on the value of purchases required; thus, for low-value purchases (less than 1000) quotation and purchase orders. Purchasing Mechanisms Since the project is located in an unfamiliar terrain Kaduna State in Nigeria, the most appropriate purchasing mechanism for the procurement of high-value purchases will be through fixed price contract (Molosi, 2011). Contract Management Strategy NOSA has adopted the fixed price contract strategy since the capacity development project located in an unfamiliar terrain with many uncertainties within the political system, economy, security and cultural behaviors. Supply Chain Map A supply chain is the system of the considerable number of people, associations, assets, exercises and innovation included in the creation and offer of an item, from the conveyance of source materials from the supplier to the maker, through to its consequent movement to the end client. The network inventory fragment included with getting the completed item from the manufacturer to the buyer is known as the appropriation channel. Successful supply chains give organizations an upper hand in the commercial center and alleviate dangers connected with securing crude materials and conveying items or administrations. By actualizing store network administration frameworks, organizations are capable diminish waste, overhead expenses and transporting delays scientifically. The essential drawbacks of store network management, or SCM, incorporate intricacy and costs. In light of the various working parts and the innovation included, organizations face great odds for mistakes or oversights with SCM. The innovative framework included in SCM additionally balances a percentage of the apparent worth picked up by its application. Figure 5: Supply Chain Map (Source: Created by Author) The NOSA Capacity Development supply chain map shown in figure 5 is an illustration of the flow of goods and services from the manufacturer to the project (Neal, Hou and Allinson, 2014). Research reveals that there is a great possibility for events far away from a business location to have an impact on the enterprise due to the chain of activities linking the extended supply chain. Legal Legal Issues and Dispute Resolution Techniques Authors reveal that most major projects develop levels of conflicts, disputes, breach of contracts, liabilities and claims at different stages of the project life-cycle about the supply chain. PPP is essentially about applying the private division's aptitudes in specialized and money related danger administration in ways that speak to genuine quality for the general population area. In the framework ventures scene, PPPs are seen as money related models that empower people in the general area to make utilization of private account capital in a way that improves the potential outcomes of both the administration and the privately owned business. The whole PPP structure in Nigeria depends on the standards of accomplishing better esteem and moderate policies. As communicated in the National Policy Document, there are monetary, social and ecological destinations for the selection of PPP model as a system for framework advancement. NIPC gives administrations to concede of business section grants, licenses, approval and motivating forces in a one-stop shop environment. NIPC's One Stop Investment Center offer general data and information on the Nigerian economy to encourage educated venture choices. It encourages post-passage endorsements, licenses and are particular grants with government offices and public counseling administrations on beneficial speculation opportunities in Nigeria incorporating coordinating financial specialists' necessities with circumstances available in the 36 States of the Federation and the Federal Capital Territory. DISPUTE RESOLUTION IN PROJECT PHASES Project Phases/ Possible Sources of Disputes Resolution Techniques 1. Project Concept: Client insisting on a vague description of the project, unrealistic scope, tight schedule and demand. A subject matter expert should be consulted to illustrate the project goal in a pictorial view, effective work breakdown and cost estimation. 2. Project Definition: Bureaucracy of the in policy and decision-making on the part of the sponsor, client or project manager (Ogunbameru, Mustapha and Idrisa, 2013) Conflicting interest of stakeholders on performance indicators, scope, cost, time and location of the project Perception differences could also cause disputes due to ambiguity in the contract, cultural and language barriers Creating a friendly working relationship and collaborating with stakeholders in project decisions and plotting an active communication media for managing various stakeholders Adequate risk and impact assessment should be carried out with consideration to expert judgment 3. Project Development Design variations or difficulty in the interpretation of the project design could result in dispute Non-conformance to the project commercial and technical specifications may be identified during or after development (Olivares, 2011) Accidental occurrence on site or offsite that involves NOSAs staff or equipment and a third party Negotiate early identification and incorporation of the project team during design and points of dispute on the contract. Expert judgment should be given priority in the definition of the project objectives and deliverables while negotiating terms of the contract. Safety training and awareness should be provided to all staff and visitors within the project premises. 4. Benefit Realization The project may fail to meet set objectives due to prevailing external circumstances or over-optimistic project selection criteria. The contractor should dialogue with the client and the sponsor to ensure the project aligns with the commercial and technical requirements. 5. Termination Phase Contractors who have not been paid for services rendered might take legal actions against the shutdown of the project. The services of an arbitrator could be employed to negotiate between the contractor and the client on how the debt owed will be paid (Petit, 2012). Project Risks and Uncertainties Allowances In as much as it is essential to execute the known risk factors and costs that impact the project in the project plan, it is also worthy of note not to neglect uncertainties; rather plan ways to manage such from the inception of the project (Pearson, 2011). Figure 6: Typology of Uncertainty Factors (Source: Created by Author) 7.2.1. Risk Register: Risk Probability Impact Planned Action/Mitigation of Risks Training Facility environment is unsuitable for the candidates Low High Health and Safety will ensure fitness of the facility in context to environment Permission to embed modern, powerful simulation techniques in the service not granted Medium Medium Feedback indicates that there is requirement for new methods to retain the candidates Failure to maintain the Key Project Staff during the entire timeline of the project Low High Propose the project team to be all in post and give the prescribed time to project Lack of support from key stakeholders Low High Well establishment of stakeholder engagement Unable to work with intended user groups Medium Medium Established commitment to research community and recognition of value Conclusion Given NOSAs intent to extend into new frontiers of business by setting up a training campaign through a partnership with the Kaduna State local government initiatives, this report has reflected on the capabilities and strengths of the company through its corporate profile, its achievements, training packages, market relationship and business strategy for expansion. Additionally, a brief evaluation of the enterprise change has been laid out with illustrations on the stakeholders, their views, roles and responsibilities, interest and potential influence. They may have on the success of the project with a vague communication plan that borders on what level of information is conveyed to individual stakeholders and at what frequency. Furthermore, this report has revealed from the analysis the viability of the project having carried out market research, evaluating the project environment and NOSAs business capacity to take advantage strategically of the well of economic opportunity available within the chosen region. Through investigations into the financial requirements, the report has shown that with an estimated budget of 950,000.00 the project could yield Working Capital Ratios ranging from 1.89 to 4.25 over five years period. Finally, the potential legal issues in each project phase were identified and appropriate dispute resolution techniques were provided. Recommendations Having completed investigations into the achievability of NOSAs quest to expand its business potentials through capacity development, by having a public-private partnership with Nigeria local government initiatives for development of the manpower resources. Within its mass of unemployed youths, improving the project and financial management skills of industry practitioners and apprentices while making profit; it is therefore recommended that: Business organizations intending to explore new areas of profit making ventures, consult industry experts and project manager to carry out thorough research on the commercial integrity of their choice of the project in all elements that has been discussed in this report; thereby securing their value for money and maintaining a good market position among its competitors. 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